Windows的命令行安装程序 - scoop

今天介绍一款在Windows下的命令安装程序，用过Linux的都懂，在Linux下有一个包管理器用来安装应用，比如 Ubuntu 的 apt 和 apt-get ，以及 CentOS 的 yum 这些，那么在Windows下有没有类似的软件或者工具呢？

有！那就是 scoop 。

scoop - Windows的命令安装程序

官网：https://scoop.sh/

Github：https://github.com/lukesampson/scoop

如何在Windows下安装 scoop ?

条件： 确保已安装PowerShell 5（或更高版本，包括PowerShell Core）和.NET Framework 4.5（或更高版本）。

打开Windows的 PowerShell 命令行工具，然后执行以下命令：

Invoke-Expression (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://get.scoop.sh')
# 或者短一点的短命令
iwr -useb get.scoop.sh | iex

安装的时候可能会遇到错误：

PowerShell requires an execution policy in [Unrestricted, RemoteSigned, ByPass] to run Scoop.
For example, to set the execution policy to 'RemoteSigned' please run :
'Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -scope CurrentUser'

此时我们需要更改执行策略：

Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -scope CurrentUser

它会提示以下内容：

执行策略更改
执行策略可帮助你防止执行不信任的脚本。更改执行策略可能会产生安全风险，如 https:/go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135170
中的 about_Execution_Policies 帮助主题所述。是否要更改执行策略?
[Y] 是(Y)  [A] 全是(A)  [N] 否(N)  [L] 全否(L)  [S] 暂停(S)  [?] 帮助 (默认值为“N”): y

我们输入 Y 回车即可，然后重新执行安装命令 iwr -useb get.scoop.sh | iex 稍候就会看到安装成功的提示：

Downloading scoop...
Extracting...
Creating shim...                                                                       Downloading main bucket...                                                             Extracting...                                                                         Adding ~\scoop\shims to your path.                                                     'lastupdate' has been set to '2019-11-29T10:43:11.9330495+08:00'                       Scoop was installed successfully!
Type 'scoop help' for instructions.

到此已经安装完成

验证 scoop 安装成功

在命令行中执行： scoop help 会得到以下内容：

PS C:\Users\Administrator> scoop help
Usage: scoop <command> [<args>]

Some useful commands are:

alias       Manage scoop aliases
bucket      Manage Scoop buckets
cache       Show or clear the download cache
checkup     Check for potential problems
cleanup     Cleanup apps by removing old versions
config      Get or set configuration values
create      Create a custom app manifest
depends     List dependencies for an app
export      Exports (an importable) list of installed apps
help        Show help for a command
hold        Hold an app to disable updates
home        Opens the app homepage
info        Display information about an app
install     Install apps
list        List installed apps
prefix      Returns the path to the specified app
reset       Reset an app to resolve conflicts
search      Search available apps
status      Show status and check for new app versions
unhold      Unhold an app to enable updates
uninstall   Uninstall an app
update      Update apps, or Scoop itself
virustotal  Look for app's hash on virustotal.com
which       Locate a shim/executable (similar to 'which' on Linux)


Type 'scoop help <command>' to get help for a specific command.